The body is where the text of the email is stored. Mail treats the body as a single object. The body itself has no information about boundaries used in the MIME standard, it just looks at it’s content as either a single block of text, or (if it is a multipart message) as an array of blocks o text.
A body has to be told to split itself up into a multipart message by calling # with the correct boundary. This is because the body object has no way of knowing what the correct boundary is for itself (there could be many boundaries in a body in the case of a nested MIME text).
Once split is called, Mail::Body will slice itself up on this boundary, assigning anything that appears before the first part to the preamble, and anything that appears after the closing boundary to the epilogue, then each part gets initialized into a Mail::Part object.
The boundary that is used to split up the Body is also stored in the Body object for use on encoding itself back out to a string. You can overwrite this if it needs to be changed.
On encoding, the body will return the preamble, then each part joined by the boundary, followed by a closing boundary string and then the epilogue.
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 29 29: def initialize(string = '') 30: @boundary = nil 31: @preamble = nil 32: @epilogue = nil 33: @charset = nil 34: @part_sort_order = [ "text/plain", "text/enriched", "text/html" ] 35: @parts = Mail::PartsList.new 36: if string.blank? 37: @raw_source = '' 38: else 39: # Do join first incase we have been given an Array in Ruby 1.9 40: if string.respond_to?(:join) 41: @raw_source = string.join('') 42: elsif string.respond_to?(:to_s) 43: @raw_source = string.to_s 44: else 45: raise "You can only assign a string or an object that responds_to? :join or :to_s to a body." 46: end 47: end 48: @encoding = (only_us_ascii? ? '7bit' : '8bit') 49: set_charset 50: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 250 250: def <<( val ) 251: if @parts 252: @parts << val 253: else 254: @parts = Mail::PartsList.new[val] 255: end 256: end
Matches this body with another body. Also matches the decoded value of this body with a string.
Examples:
body = Mail::Body.new('The body') body == body #=> true body = Mail::Body.new('The body') body == 'The body' #=> true body = Mail::Body.new("VGhlIGJvZHk=\n") body.encoding = 'base64' body == "The body" #=> true
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 66 66: def ==(other) 67: if other.class == String 68: self.decoded == other 69: else 70: super 71: end 72: end
Accepts a string and performs a regular expression against the decoded text
Examples:
body = Mail::Body.new('The body') body =~ /The/ #=> 0 body = Mail::Body.new("VGhlIGJvZHk=\n") body.encoding = 'base64' body =~ /The/ #=> 0
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 84 84: def =~(regexp) 85: self.decoded =~ regexp 86: end
Returns the boundary used by the body
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 237 237: def boundary 238: @boundary 239: end
Allows you to change the boundary of this Body object
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 242 242: def boundary=( val ) 243: @boundary = val 244: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 187 187: def charset 188: @charset 189: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 191 191: def charset=( val ) 192: @charset = val 193: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 175 175: def decoded 176: if !Encodings.defined?(encoding) 177: raise UnknownEncodingType, "Don't know how to decode #{encoding}, please call #encoded and decode it yourself." 178: else 179: Encodings.get_encoding(encoding).decode(raw_source) 180: end 181: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 273 273: def empty? 274: !!raw_source.to_s.empty? 275: end
Returns a body encoded using transfer_encoding. Multipart always uses an identiy encoding (i.e. no encoding). Calling this directly is not a good idea, but supported for compatibility TODO: Validate that preamble and epilogue are valid for requested encoding
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 150 150: def encoded(transfer_encoding = '8bit') 151: if multipart? 152: self.sort_parts! 153: encoded_parts = parts.map { |p| p.encoded } 154: ([preamble] + encoded_parts).join(crlf_boundary) + end_boundary + epilogue.to_s 155: else 156: be = get_best_encoding(transfer_encoding) 157: dec = Mail::Encodings::get_encoding(encoding) 158: enc = Mail::Encodings::get_encoding(be) 159: if transfer_encoding == encoding and dec.nil? 160: # Cannot decode, so skip normalization 161: raw_source 162: else 163: # Decode then encode to normalize and allow transforming 164: # from base64 to Q-P and vice versa 165: decoded = dec.decode(raw_source) 166: if defined?(Encoding) && charset && charset != "US-ASCII" 167: decoded.encode!(charset) 168: decoded.force_encoding('BINARY') unless Encoding.find(charset).ascii_compatible? 169: end 170: enc.encode(decoded) 171: end 172: end 173: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 195 195: def encoding(val = nil) 196: if val 197: self.encoding = val 198: else 199: @encoding 200: end 201: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 203 203: def encoding=( val ) 204: @encoding = if val == "text" || val.blank? 205: (only_us_ascii? ? '7bit' : '8bit') 206: else 207: val 208: end 209: end
Returns the epilogue (any text that is after the last MIME boundary)
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 222 222: def epilogue 223: @epilogue 224: end
Sets the epilogue to a string (adds text after the last MIME boundary)
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 227 227: def epilogue=( val ) 228: @epilogue = val 229: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 141 141: def get_best_encoding(target) 142: target_encoding = Mail::Encodings.get_encoding(target) 143: target_encoding.get_best_compatible(encoding, raw_source) 144: end
Accepts anything that responds to # and checks if it’s a substring of the decoded text
Examples:
body = Mail::Body.new('The body') body.include?('The') #=> true body = Mail::Body.new("VGhlIGJvZHk=\n") body.encoding = 'base64' body.include?('The') #=> true
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 112 112: def include?(other) 113: self.decoded.include?(other.to_s) 114: end
Accepts a string and performs a regular expression against the decoded text
Examples:
body = Mail::Body.new('The body') body.match(/The/) #=> #<MatchData "The"> body = Mail::Body.new("VGhlIGJvZHk=\n") body.encoding = 'base64' body.match(/The/) #=> #<MatchData "The">
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 98 98: def match(regexp) 99: self.decoded.match(regexp) 100: end
Returns true if there are parts defined in the body
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 232 232: def multipart? 233: true unless parts.empty? 234: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 269 269: def only_us_ascii? 270: !(raw_source =~ /[^\x01-\x7f]/) 271: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 246 246: def parts 247: @parts 248: end
Returns the preamble (any text that is before the first MIME boundary)
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 212 212: def preamble 213: @preamble 214: end
Sets the preamble to a string (adds text before the first MIME boundary)
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 217 217: def preamble=( val ) 218: @preamble = val 219: end
Returns the raw source that the body was initialized with, without any tampering
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 137 137: def raw_source 138: @raw_source 139: end
Allows you to set the sort order of the parts, overriding the default sort order. Defaults to ‘text/plain’, then ‘text/enriched’, then ‘text/html’ with any other content type coming after.
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 119 119: def set_sort_order(order) 120: @part_sort_order = order 121: end
Allows you to sort the parts according to the default sort order, or the sort order you set with :set_sort_order.
sort_parts! is also called from :encode, so there is no need for you to call this explicitly
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 127 127: def sort_parts! 128: @parts.each do |p| 129: p.body.set_sort_order(@part_sort_order) 130: @parts.sort!(@part_sort_order) 131: p.body.sort_parts! 132: end 133: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 258 258: def split!(boundary) 259: self.boundary = boundary 260: parts = raw_source.split("--#{boundary}") 261: # Make the preamble equal to the preamble (if any) 262: self.preamble = parts[0].to_s.strip 263: # Make the epilogue equal to the epilogue (if any) 264: self.epilogue = parts[1].to_s.sub('--', '').strip 265: parts[1...1].to_a.each { |part| @parts << Mail::Part.new(part) } 266: self 267: end
# File lib/mail/body.rb, line 279 279: def crlf_boundary 280: "\r\n\r\n--#{boundary}\r\n" 281: end
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